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dc.contributor.authorHERRE, EDWARD ALLEN
dc.contributor.authorMEJIA, LUIS C.
dc.contributor.authorKYLLO, DAMOND A.
dc.contributor.authorROJAS, ENITH
dc.contributor.authorMAYNARD, ZULEYKA
dc.contributor.authorBUTLER, ANDRE
dc.contributor.authorVAN BAEL, SUNSHINE A.
dc.date.accessioned2020-07-02T06:12:02Z
dc.date.available2020-07-02T06:12:02Z
dc.date.issued2007-03-01
dc.identifier.otherhttps://doi.org/10.1890/05-1606
dc.identifier.urihttp://repositorio-indicasat.org.pa/handle/123456789/155
dc.descriptionWe discuss studies of foliar endophytic fungi (FEE) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) associated with Theobroma cacao in Panama. Direct, experimentally controlled comparisons of endophyte free (E—) and endophyte containing (E+) plant tissues in T. cacao show that foliar endophytes (FEE) that commonly occur in healthy host leaves enhance host defenses against foliar damage due to the pathogen (Phytophthora palmivora). Similarly, root inoculations with commonly occurring AMF also reduce foliar damage due to the same pathogen. These results suggest that endophytic fungi can play a potentially important mutualistic role by augmenting host defensive responses against pathogens. There are two broad classes of potential mechanisms by which endophytes could contribute to host protection: (1) inducing or increasing the expression of intrinsic host defense mechanisms and (2) providing additional sources of defense, extrinsic to those of the host (e.g., endophytebased chemical antibiosis). The degree to which either of these mechanisms predominates holds distinct consequences for the evolutionary ecology of host-endophyte-pathogen relationships. More generally, the growing recognition that plants are composed of a mosaic of plant and fungal tissues holds a series of implications for the study of plant defense, physiology, and genetics.en_US
dc.description.abstractWe discuss studies of foliar endophytic fungi (FEE) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) associated with Theobroma cacao in Panama. Direct, experimentally controlled comparisons of endophyte free (E—) and endophyte containing (E+) plant tissues in T. cacao show that foliar endophytes (FEE) that commonly occur in healthy host leaves enhance host defenses against foliar damage due to the pathogen (Phytophthora palmivora). Similarly, root inoculations with commonly occurring AMF also reduce foliar damage due to the same pathogen. These results suggest that endophytic fungi can play a potentially important mutualistic role by augmenting host defensive responses against pathogens. There are two broad classes of potential mechanisms by which endophytes could contribute to host protection: (1) inducing or increasing the expression of intrinsic host defense mechanisms and (2) providing additional sources of defense, extrinsic to those of the host (e.g., endophytebased chemical antibiosis). The degree to which either of these mechanisms predominates holds distinct consequences for the evolutionary ecology of host-endophyte-pathogen relationships. More generally, the growing recognition that plants are composed of a mosaic of plant and fungal tissues holds a series of implications for the study of plant defense, physiology, and genetics.en_US
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.rightsInfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rightshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectarbuscular mycorrhizal fungien_US
dc.subjectendophytic fungien_US
dc.subjectmutualismen_US
dc.subjectpathogensen_US
dc.subjectplant defenseen_US
dc.subjectTheobroma cacaoen_US
dc.subjecttropical plant ecology.en_US
dc.titleECOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS OF ANTI-PATHOGEN EFFECTS OF TROPICAL FUNGAL ENDOPHYTES AND MYCORRHIZAEen_US
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleen_US
dc.typeInfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedversion


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