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Now showing items 105-124 of 227
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Geographic Expansion of the Invasive Mosquito Aedes albopictus across Panama— Implications for Control of Dengue and Chikungunya Viruses
(2015-01-08)The Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus, is an invasive species that has expanded its territory to over 40% of the earth’s terrestrial landmass in the last 30 years [1]. Ae. albopictus is an efficient vector ... -
The global burden of tuberculosis: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015
(2018-03-01)Background The UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are grounded in the global ambition of “leaving no one behind”. Understanding today’s gains and gaps for the health-related SDGs is essential for decision makers as ... -
Global variation in bacterial strains that cause tuberculosis disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
(2018-10-30)Background: The host, microbial, and environmental factors that contribute to variation in tuberculosis (TB) disease are incompletely understood. Accumulating evidence suggests that one driver of geographic variation in ... -
Global, regional, and national age-sex-specific mortality and life expectancy, 1950–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017
(2018-11-10)Background Assessments of age-specific mortality and life expectancy have been done by the UN Population Division, Department of Economics and Social Affairs (UNPOP), the United States Census Bureau, WHO, and as part of ... -
Global, regional, and national burden of tuberculosis, 1990–2016: results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors 2016 Study
(2018-12-01)Background Although a preventable and treatable disease, tuberculosis causes more than a million deaths each year. As countries work towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) target to end the tuberculosis ... -
Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015
(2016-10-08)Background The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2015 provides an up-to-date synthesis of the evidence for risk factor exposure and the attributable burden of disease. By providing ... -
Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 315 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE), 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015
(2016-10-08)Background Healthy life expectancy (HALE) and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) provide summary measures of health across geographies and time that can inform assessments of epidemiological patterns and health system ... -
Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 333 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 195 countries and territories, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
(2017-09-16)Background Measurement of changes in health across locations is useful to compare and contrast changing epidemiological patterns against health system performance and identify specific needs for resource allocation in ... -
Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015
(2016-10-08)Background Non-fatal outcomes of disease and injury increasingly detract from the ability of the world’s population to live in full health, a trend largely attributable to an epidemiological transition in many countries ... -
Global, regional, and national levels of maternal mortality, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015
(2016-10-08)Background In transitioning from the Millennium Development Goal to the Sustainable Development Goal era, it is imperative to comprehensively assess progress toward reducing maternal mortality to identify areas ... -
Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015
(2016-10-08)Background Improving survival and extending the longevity of life for all populations requires timely, robust evidence on local mortality levels and trends. The Global Burden of Disease 2015 Study (GBD 2015) provides a ... -
Global, regional, national, and selected subnational levels of stillbirths, neonatal, infant, and under-5 mortality, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015
(2016-10-08)Established in 2000, Millennium Development Goal 4 (MDG4) catalysed extraordinary political, fi nancial, and social commitments to reduce under-5 mortality by two-thirds between 1990 and 2015. At the country level, the ... -
Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles using two Apocyanaceae plants and Screening for their Catalytic activity
(2017-07-27)The catalytic activity of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) gained an importance in removal of synthetic dyes from waste water released form textile industries. In this study aqueous leaf extract of Cascabela ... -
Habitat disturbance and the organization of bacterial communities in Neotropical hematophagous arthropods
(2019-09-06)The microbiome plays a key role in the biology, ecology and evolution of arthropod vectors of human pathogens. Vector-bacterial interactions could alter disease transmission dynamics through modulating pathogen replication ... -
Healthcare Access and Quality Index based on mortality from causes amenable to personal health care in 195 countries and territories, 1990–2015: a novel analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015
(2017-07-15)Background National levels of personal health-care access and quality can be approximated by measuring mortality rates from causes that should not be fatal in the presence of effective medical care (ie, amenable mortality). ... -
High clustering rates of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosisgenotypes in Panama
(2013-12-01)Background: Tuberculosis continues to be one of the leading causes of death worldwide and in the American region. Although multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) remains a threat to TB control in Panama, few studies ... -
High infestation of invasive Aedes mosquitoes in used tires along the local transport network of Panama
(2019-05-27)Background: The long‑distance dispersal of the invasive disease vectors Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus has intro‑ duced arthropod‑borne viruses into new geographical regions, causing a significant medical and economic ... -
Host affinity of endophytic fungi and the potential for reciprocal interactions involving host secondary chemistry
(2019-11-23)PREMISE: Interactions between fungal endophytes and their host plants present useful systems for identifying important factors affecting assembly of host-associated microbiomes. Here we investigated the role of secondary ... -
Host specificity in a diverse Neotropical tick community: an assessment using quantitative network analysis and host phylogeny
(2016-06-29)Background: Host specificity is a fundamental determinant of tick population and pathogen transmission dynamics, and therefore has important implications for human health. Tick host specificity is expected to be particularly ... -
HS-C reactive protein and red blood cell distribution width as effective markers for hypertension
(International Journal of Advances in Medicine, 2016-04-06)Background: Hypertension or elevated blood pressure is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. HsCRP, which is a known marker for CVD, is also one of the predictive markers of inflammation processes which ...