Mostrar el registro sencillo del ítem

dc.contributor.authorWhittington, Richard
dc.contributor.authorDonat, Karsten
dc.contributor.authorWeber, Maarten F
dc.contributor.authorKelton, David
dc.contributor.authorSaxmose Nielsen, Søren
dc.contributor.authorEisenberg, Suzanne
dc.contributor.authorArrigoni, Norma
dc.contributor.authorJuste, Ramon
dc.contributor.authorSáez, Jose Luis
dc.contributor.authorDhand, Navneet
dc.contributor.authorSanti, Annalisa
dc.contributor.authorMichel, Anita
dc.contributor.authorBarkema, Herman
dc.contributor.authorKralik, Petr
dc.contributor.authorKostoulas, Polychronis
dc.contributor.authorCiter, Lorna
dc.contributor.authorGriffin, Frank
dc.contributor.authorBarwell, Rob
dc.contributor.authorScatamburlo Moreira, Maria Aparecida
dc.contributor.authorSlana, Iva
dc.contributor.authorKoehler, Heike
dc.contributor.authorVir Singh, Shoor
dc.contributor.authorSang Yoo, Han
dc.contributor.authorChávez-Gris, Gilberto
dc.contributor.authorGoodridge, Amador
dc.contributor.authorOcepek, Matjaz
dc.contributor.authorGarrido, Joseba
dc.contributor.authorStevenson, Karen
dc.contributor.authorCollins, Mike
dc.contributor.authorAlonso, Bernardo
dc.contributor.authorCirone, Karina
dc.contributor.authorPaolicchi, Fernando
dc.contributor.authorGavey, Lawrence
dc.contributor.authorTanvir Rahman, Md
dc.contributor.authorDe Marchin, Emmanuelle
dc.contributor.authorVan Praet, Willem
dc.contributor.authorBauman, Cathy
dc.contributor.authorFecteau, Gilles
dc.contributor.authorMcKenna, Shawn
dc.contributor.authorSalgado, Miguel
dc.contributor.authorFernández-Silva, Jorge
dc.contributor.authorDziedzinska, Radka
dc.contributor.authorEcheverría, Gustavo
dc.contributor.authorSeppänen, Jaana
dc.contributor.authorThibault, Virginie
dc.contributor.authorFridriksdottir, Vala
dc.contributor.authorDerakhshandeh, Abdolah
dc.contributor.authorHaghkhah, Masoud
dc.contributor.authorRuocco, Luigi
dc.contributor.authorKawaji, Satoko
dc.contributor.authorMomotani, Eiichi
dc.contributor.authorHeuer, Cord
dc.contributor.authorNorton, Solis
dc.contributor.authorCadmus, Simeon
dc.contributor.authorAgdestein, Angelika
dc.contributor.authorKampen, Annette
dc.contributor.authorSzteyn, Joanna
dc.contributor.authorFrössling, Jenny
dc.contributor.authorSchwan, Ebba
dc.contributor.authorCaldow, George
dc.contributor.authorStrain, Sam
dc.contributor.authorCarter, Mike
dc.contributor.authorWells, Scott
dc.contributor.authorMunyeme, Musso
dc.contributor.authorWolf, Robert
dc.contributor.authorGurung, Ratna
dc.contributor.authorVerdugo, Cristobal
dc.contributor.authorFourichon, Christine
dc.contributor.authorYamamoto, Takehisa
dc.contributor.authorThapaliya, Sharada
dc.contributor.authorDi Labio, Elena
dc.contributor.authorEkgatat, Monaya
dc.contributor.authorGil, Andres
dc.contributor.authorNuñez Alesandre, Alvaro
dc.contributor.authorPiaggio, José
dc.contributor.authorSuanes, Alejandra
dc.contributor.authorDe Waard, Jacobus H
dc.date.accessioned2020-08-17T14:31:36Z
dc.date.available2020-08-17T14:31:36Z
dc.date.issued2019-12-01
dc.identifier.otherhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-019-1943-4
dc.identifier.urihttp://repositorio-indicasat.org.pa/handle/123456789/241
dc.descriptionParatuberculosis, a chronic disease affecting ruminant livestock, is caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). It has direct and indirect economic costs, impacts animal welfare and arouses public health concerns. In a survey of 48 countries we found paratuberculosis to be very common in livestock. In about half the countries more than 20% of herds and flocks were infected with MAP. Most countries had large ruminant populations (millions), several types of farmed ruminants, multiple husbandry systems and tens of thousands of individual farms, creating challenges for disease control. In addition, numerous species of free-living wildlife were infected. Paratuberculosis was notifiable in most countries, but formal control programs were present in only 22 countries. Generally, these were the more highly developed countries with advanced veterinary services. Of the countries without a formal control program for paratuberculosis, 76% were in South and Central America, Asia and Africa while 20% were in Europe. Control programs were justified most commonly on animal health grounds, but protecting market access and public health were other factors. Prevalence reduction was the major objective in most countries, but Norway and Sweden aimed to eradicate the disease, so surveillance and response were their major objectives. Government funding was involved in about two thirds of countries, but operations tended to be funded by farmers and their organizations and not by government alone. The majority of countries (60%) had voluntary control programs. Generally, programs were supported by incentives for joining, financial compensation and/or penalties for non-participation. Performance indicators, structure, leadership, practices and tools used in control programs are also presented. Securing funding for long-term control activities was a widespread problem.en_US
dc.description.abstractParatuberculosis, a chronic disease affecting ruminant livestock, is caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). It has direct and indirect economic costs, impacts animal welfare and arouses public health concerns. In a survey of 48 countries we found paratuberculosis to be very common in livestock. In about half the countries more than 20% of herds and flocks were infected with MAP. Most countries had large ruminant populations (millions), several types of farmed ruminants, multiple husbandry systems and tens of thousands of individual farms, creating challenges for disease control. In addition, numerous species of free-living wildlife were infected. Paratuberculosis was notifiable in most countries, but formal control programs were present in only 22 countries. Generally, these were the more highly developed countries with advanced veterinary services. Of the countries without a formal control program for paratuberculosis, 76% were in South and Central America, Asia and Africa while 20% were in Europe. Control programs were justified most commonly on animal health grounds, but protecting market access and public health were other factors. Prevalence reduction was the major objective in most countries, but Norway and Sweden aimed to eradicate the disease, so surveillance and response were their major objectives. Government funding was involved in about two thirds of countries, but operations tended to be funded by farmers and their organizations and not by government alone. The majority of countries (60%) had voluntary control programs. Generally, programs were supported by incentives for joining, financial compensation and/or penalties for non-participation. Performance indicators, structure, leadership, practices and tools used in control programs are also presented. Securing funding for long-term control activities was a widespread problem.en_US
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subjectParatuberculosisen_US
dc.subjectControlen_US
dc.subjectReviewen_US
dc.subjectPrevalenceen_US
dc.subjectCattleen_US
dc.subjectSheepen_US
dc.subjectGoaten_US
dc.subjectCameliden_US
dc.subjectDeeren_US
dc.subjectWildlifeen_US
dc.titleControl of paratuberculosis: who, why and how. A review of 48 countriesen_US
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleen_US
dc.typeinfo:edu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion


Ficheros en el ítem

Thumbnail

Este ítem aparece en la(s) siguiente(s) colección(ones)

Mostrar el registro sencillo del ítem